Goldfish can be fertilized mainly through two methods: natural fertilization and artificial fertilization.
Natural Fertilization
Natural fertilization is the most common method in goldfish breeding. During the breeding season, male goldfish will chase female ones. The female goldfish lay eggs in the water, and then the male goldfish release sperm immediately. The sperm and eggs mix in the water to complete fertilization. Although the fertilization rate of natural fertilization is relatively low, it is simple to operate, making it suitable for home and small - scale breeding.
Artificial Fertilization
Artificial fertilization requires certain techniques and equipment. The specific steps are as follows:
Selecting Broodstock
Choose healthy and disease - free broodstock. Usually, fish that are two to three years old are selected because their genetic traits are stable, their eggs are relatively large, and they develop well.
Mixing Sperm and Eggs
Gently squeeze out the eggs from the female goldfish and the sperm from the male goldfish into a shallow dish respectively. Then, use a clean feather to mix them gently to ensure that the sperm and eggs come into full contact.
The Fertilization Process
Pour the mixed eggs into the hatching pond or onto the fish nest. Let them stand for 15 - 20 minutes to ensure full fertilization. After that, pour out the water and add fresh water to wash them once to prevent water mold.
Hatching
The fertilized eggs can hatch naturally. During the hatching process, attention should be paid to the management of water temperature and water quality.
Precautions
Water Temperature Control
The optimal water temperature for goldfish breeding is between 18 - 22 degrees Celsius. Water temperature that is too high or too low will affect the fertilization rate and hatching rate.
Water Quality Management
Keep the water quality clean and avoid using drugs harmful to fry, such as methylene blue.
Hatching Management
During the hatching process, regularly check and adjust the water quality to ensure the healthy growth of the fry.