Male koi fish should be over 2 years old, and female koi fish should be over 3 years old.
The breeding age of koi fish varies depending on their gender. Here is the specific information:

1. Male Koi Fish
The minimum breeding age: Over 2 years old.
The most suitable breeding age: Between 3 and 6 years old.
2. Female Koi Fish
The minimum breeding age: Over 3 years old.
The most suitable breeding age: Between 4 and 10 years old.
3. Other Influencing Factors
Weight: It is more conducive to breeding when the weight of a koi fish reaches over 1.5 kilograms.
Environmental Conditions: An environment with a water temperature between 18 and 25 degrees Celsius, fresh water quality, sufficient space, and aquatic plants planted is more favorable for the breeding of koi fish.
Conclusion: Male koi fish can breed when they are over 2 years old, and female koi fish can breed when they are over 3 years old. However, the best breeding ages are 3-6 years old for males and 4-10 years old for females respectively. At the same time, appropriate water temperature, water quality, and space conditions are also the keys to successful breeding.